EN

Synonyms for abstain

Most common

refrain withhold forbear refuse

All synonyms

Verb

1. Refrain

refrain, withhold, forbear, forgo formal, refuse, desist formal, abjure formal, keep back, give up, relinquish, waive

Definitions

  1. v. 1

    Refrain from (something or doing something); keep from doing, especially an indulgence.

    In order to improve his health, Rob decided to abstain from smoking.

Forms

Past participle
abstained
e.g. abstained → refrained, forgone, refused, desisted…

Example sentences

  • refuse I didn't really think Tom would refuse to do that.
  • refrain I feel it's preferable to refrain from doing that.
  • withhold The government began to withhold foreign reserves.
  • forbear I cannot forbear expressing my doubts.
  • avoid She started early in order to avoid the rush hour.

Popularity over time

Word1850 → 2019Trend
abstainsteady
refusesteady
refrainsteady
withholdfalling
forbearsteady
avoidrising

Use in printed books, per decade from 1850 to 2019.

By length

5 letters
avoid2, waive1, forgo2
6 letters
refuse2, desist2, abjure
7 letters
refrain2, forbear
8 letters
withhold2
10 letters
relinquish3

The small number after each word is its number of syllables (avoid2 = 2 syllables).

In other languages

Français
abstenir
Italiano
astenersi
Català
abstenir-se